Performance of Handheld NaI(Tl) Spectrometers as Dosimeters by Laboratory and Field Dose Rate Measurements

Performance of Handheld NaI(Tl) Spectrometers as Dosimeters by Laboratory and Field Dose Rate Measurements

Within the framework of the IAEA Coordinated Analysis Challenge (CRP) J02012 on ‘Advancing Radiation Detection Tools for Detecting Nuclear and Different Radioactive Materials Out of Regulatory Management’, the properties of two industrial devices (1) InSpector 1000 analyzer (Canberra), with a 2″ × 2″ NaI(Tl) scintillator and (2) RIIDEYE M-G3 analyzer (Thermo Scientific), with a 3″ × 3″ NaI(Tl) scintillator, have been evaluated as dosimeters by laboratory and area measurements.
Within the Ionizing Radiation Calibration Laboratory (IRCL) of the Greek Atomic Power Fee, the NaI(Tl) spectrometers have been examined in an effort to measure Ambient gamma Dose Equal Price (ADER). The NaI(Tl) scintillators have been irradiated in a homogeneous area with 662 keV photons with completely different ADER values from 0.17 to 100 μSv h-1 at 0° incidence (irradiation area perpendicular to the detector’s entrance window) and at 90° incidence.
For every irradiation, the measured ADER by the spectrometers and the ‘true’ ADER values (offered by the IRCL) have been in contrast. As well as, the angular dependence (0-359°) of the ADER response of the spectrometers was studied with a 152Eu supply positioned at 1, 2 and three m from the spectrometers. The ADER dependence as perform of the space from the 152Eu supply (at 0° incidence) measured by the 2 detectors was in contrast with the theoretical one.
Within the area research, ADER was measured by the spectrometers at seven areas belonging to the Greek Early Warning System Community (which is predicated on Reuter-Stokes ionization chambers). These areas have completely different ADER values starting from 20 to 120 nSv h-1. In these areas, gamma ADER have been additionally deduced (1) by in situ gamma spectrometry measurements with moveable Germanium HPGe detectors and (2) by the Reuter-Stokes ionization chambers (by subtraction of the cosmic radiation).
Gamma dose measurements have been additionally carried out with the InSpector 1000 and RIIDEYE M-G3 detectors in 25 areas (seashores) of Northern Greece and in contrast with the ADER values deduced by sand pattern evaluation with gamma spectroscopy. Seashores with sand are good candidates for such kind of measurements since they’re generally flat and in precept the pure radionuclides are homogenously distributed.

Design and optimization of a complicated time-of-flight neutron spectrometer for deuterium plasmas of the massive helical system

A time-of-flight neutron spectrometer based mostly on the Time-Of-Flight Enhanced Diagnostic (TOFED) idea has been designed and is beneath improvement for the Massive Helical Gadget (LHD). Will probably be the primary superior neutron spectrometer to measure the two.45 MeV D-D neutrons (DDNs) from helical/stellarator plasmas.
The primary mission of the brand new TOFED is to review the supra-thermal deuterons generated from the auxiliary heating methods in helical plasmas by measuring the time-of-flight spectra of DDN. It can additionally measure the triton burnup neutrons (TBNs) from the d+t reactions, not like the unique TOFED within the EAST tokamak. Its functionality of diagnosing the TBN ratios is evaluated on this work.
This new TOFED is predicted to be put in within the basement beneath the LHD corridor and shares the collimator with one channel of the vertical neutron digital camera to outline its line of sight. The gap from its main scintillators to the equatorial airplane of LHD plasmas is about 15.5 m. Based mostly on Monte Carlo simulation by a GEANT4 mannequin, the decision of the DDN power spectra is 6.6%.
When projected onto the neutron charges which are sometimes obtained in LHD deuterium plasmas (an order of 1015 n/s with impartial beam injection), we count on to acquire the DDN and TBN counting charges of about 2.5 · 105 counts/s and 250 counts/s, respectively. This may permit us to research the DDN time-of-flight spectra on time scales of 0.1 s and diagnose the TBN emission charges in a number of seconds with one instrument, for the primary time in helical/stellarator plasmas.
 Performance of Handheld NaI(Tl) Spectrometers as Dosimeters by Laboratory and Field Dose Rate Measurements

Cell-phone digital camera Raman spectrometer

On this report, we describe the design, building, and operation of a cell-phone-based Raman and emission spectral detector, which when coupled to a diffraction grating and cell-phone digital camera system supplies means for the detection, recording, and identification of chemical substances, medicine, and organic molecules, in situ via their Raman and fluorescence spectra.
The newly constructed cell-phone spectrometer system was used to report Raman spectra from varied chemical substances and organic molecules together with the resonance enhanced Raman spectra of carrots and micro organism. As well as, we current the quantitative evaluation of alcohol-water Raman spectra, carried out utilizing our cell-phone spectrometer.
The designed and constructed system was additionally used for setting up Raman photos of the samples by using a place scanning stage together with the system. This compact and moveable system is nicely fitted to in situ area purposes of Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy and may additionally be an built-in characteristic of future cell-phones.

Ultrahigh delicate transient absorption spectrometer

Transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy is taken into account as a robust method that displays the ultrafast dynamics of photogenerated carriers in photoelectric and photocatalysis supplies. Nonetheless, restricted by its sensitivity, the photogenerated provider density in TA measurements of photo voltaic power supplies is normally a lot increased than that in the actual working situation.
Right here, we current a mixture of kHz macro-pulse and MHz micro-pulse method for an ultrahigh delicate TA spectrometer, which improves the sensitivity to the 10-7 stage of ΔOD. It allows us to review ultrafast provider dynamics pumped by very low energy, which might keep away from the affect of many-body interactions and the nonlinear impact related to excessive provider density.

Trifluoroacetic Acid

34840-34 10ML
EUR 63

Trifluoroacetic Acid

34901-21 5X1ML
EUR 39.9

Trifluoroacetic Acid

34902-11 5X1ML
EUR 39.55

TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID

720009 each Ask for price

Trifluoroacetic acid

GK6959-1 1
EUR 197.7

Trifluoroacetic acid

GK6959-1L 1 l
EUR 274.8

Trifluoroacetic acid

GK6959-500 500
EUR 118.7

Trifluoroacetic acid

GK6959-500ML 500 ml
EUR 180

Trifluoroacetic Acid

T786035 5ml
EUR 75
Description: 76-05-1

Trifluoroacetic acid, Ultrapure for synthesis

GK2000-1 1
EUR 261

Trifluoroacetic acid, Ultrapure for synthesis

GK2000-100 100
EUR 39.4

Trifluoroacetic acid, Ultrapure for synthesis

GK2000-100ML 100 ml
EUR 84

Trifluoroacetic acid, Ultrapure for synthesis

GK2000-1L 1 l
EUR 351.6

Trifluoroacetic acid 99%

T22665 100G
EUR 165.2

Trifluoroacetic Acid-d

T786037 10g
EUR 138
Description: 599-00-8

Bradykinin Trifluoroacetic Acid

B676780 10mg
EUR 125

Trifluoroacetic Acid Sodium Salt

34903-72 25G
EUR 43.4

Trifluoroacetic acid silver salt

T22685 5G
EUR 281.51

A 2E Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A173440 1mg
EUR 1800

EG 00229 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

E440000 500mg
EUR 9200
Description: 1210945-69-9

AZD1152 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A808100 1mg
EUR 1694

Fluvoxamine Acid Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

F603495 50mg
EUR 265

Glucagon Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

G412200 1mg
EUR 276

Urantide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

U801300 10mg
EUR 196
Description: 669089-53-6

A2-PE Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A863000 10mg
EUR 1800

Opiorphin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

O669608 1mg
EUR 442

Peforelin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

P218335 10mg
EUR 420

TAPI-1 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

T007310 1mg
EUR 299

Dermorphin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D281940 50mg
EUR 227
Description: 78331-26-7

Crenolanib Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

C781800 5mg
EUR 121
Description: 1797008-57-1

Mastoparan Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

M197603 1mg
EUR 178

Nociceptin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

N634100 1mg
EUR 379

Taltirelin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

T005650 100mg
EUR 178

Trifluoroacetic acid sodium salt 97%

T22695 25G
EUR 109.91

Bivalirudin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

B591630 100mg
EUR 322
Description: 1124915-67-8

Pentosidine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

P276300 50mg
EUR 23000

Teduglutide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

T138000 10mg
EUR 707

tris-NTA Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

N925005 10mg
EUR 269

Deferoxamine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D228981 1mg
EUR 1918
Description: 162442-10-6

Alexamorelin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A524903 10mg
EUR 695

Trelagliptin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A627960 100mg
EUR 3000
Description: 928201-45-0

Cyclo (-RGDfK) Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

C989895 100mg
EUR 201

Melittin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (~80%)

M215493 1mg
EUR 374
Description: 37231-28-0

LPYFD-NH2 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

L473400 50mg
EUR 184

A 2E-D4 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A173442 1mg
EUR 3000

Ganirelix Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (>85%)

G245000 10mg
EUR 603

Dinorphin A Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D480475 10mg
EUR 305

Ageladine A Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A430030 25mg
EUR 19000

Segetalin A Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

S243000 2.5mg
EUR 1694

Tiotropium Trifluoroacetic Acid Impurity

T444855 100mg
EUR 9200

Deltorphin I Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D228830 1mg
EUR 885

Esmolol Dimer Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

E668033 10mg
EUR 1098

Ghrelin (human) Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

G932014 1mg
EUR 414

Tubastatin A Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

T897000 50mg
EUR 3000
Description: 1239262-52-2

HGH Fragment 176-191 Trifluoroacetic acid

H999773 10mg
EUR 170
Description: 66004-57-7

(R)-Apomorphine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A727540 100mg
EUR 1200

Endomorphin-2 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

E555590 10mg
EUR 86

Piperazine-d8 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

P480103 100mg
EUR 184

Valnemulin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt-d6

V094402 0.25mg
EUR 6079
Description: 1217627-44-5

Triptorelin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt-d5

T815802 10mg
EUR 234

SL-NH2 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (1:2)

S560005 10mg
EUR 379

Feruloylputrescine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

F308950 100mg
EUR 368

Lysipressin-d2 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

L488772 1mg
EUR 224

Lysipressin-d5 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

L488773 1mg
EUR 224

Leuprolide-d10 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

L330603 10mg
EUR 2282

Norvancomycin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt >85%

N825315 10mg
EUR 253

Pentosidine-d4 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

P276301 25mg
EUR 19000

Pentosidine-d3 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

P276302 0.25mg
EUR 2182

Ac-LEHD-AFC Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A190170 1mg
EUR 94

Icatibant (1-5) Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

I163755 10mg
EUR 110

Neomycin B-LP Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

N390035 25mg
EUR 12800

Eptifibatide Dimer Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

E586450 10mg
EUR 98

γ-Glu-Cys Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (~90%)

G597105 100mg
EUR 80
Description: 283159-88-6

Hydroxy Brimonidine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

H830000 2.5mg
EUR 1556
Description: 1391054-10-6

(R)-Hydroxymelphalan Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

H939845 50mg
EUR 9200

[5-20] Bivalirudin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

B591625 10mg
EUR 161

[3-20} Bivalirudin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

B591635 10mg
EUR 1041

TMP-PEG3-amine, trifluoroacetic acid salt

91056 1MG
EUR 177
Description: N/A

TMP-PEG3-amine, trifluoroacetic acid salt

91056-1 EA
EUR 177

Trifluoroacetic acid thallic salt Tech. Grade

T22698 1G
EUR 153.48

Cephalexin Sulfoxide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

C256820 250mg
EUR 196

(S,S,S)-Enalapril Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

E555280 100mg
EUR 800
Description: 2369051-84-1

rhPTH (1-30) Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt Hydrate

R315095 10mg
EUR 345

[Des-Thr7]-Glucagon Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D297520 10mg
EUR 247

(E)-Cefdinir Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt Hydrate

C242668 0.5mg
EUR 603

(D-Ser4)-Leuprolide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

L330605 50mg
EUR 187

(D-His2)-Leuprolide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

L330610 100mg
EUR 198
Description: 112642-11-2

(D-Tyr5)-Leuprolide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

L330615 50mg
EUR 205

L-Kynurenine-d4 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

K661007 0.5mg
EUR 2212

N-Glycolyl Ademethionine Trifluoroacetic Acid

G648000 100mg
EUR 1800

Hydroxymelphalan-d4 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

H939857 25mg
EUR 11200

O-Ethyl Amifostine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

E532453 250mg
EUR 3000

Angiotensin II Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Human)

A637965 10mg
EUR 257

D-Har Eptifibatide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

H104900 10mg
EUR 420

(L)-Suberyl Carnitine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

S688785 250mg
EUR 184

NRPE Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Technical Grade)

N900100 50mg
EUR 265

Dansyl Glutathione Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (>90%)

D181910 25mg
EUR 1064

des-(Glu13)-Bivalirudin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

B591680 1mg
EUR 684

O-Methyl Amifostine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

M532453 250mg
EUR 3000

Desmethoxy Gatifloxacin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D290450 25mg
EUR 136

Trifluoroacetic acid anhydride stabilized with acetic acid

T22675 100G
EUR 205.8

Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

B619340 100mg
EUR 4500

Daptomycin Impurity B2 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D193365 10mg
EUR 2007

Deferoxamine-d7 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Major)

D228982 0.5mg
EUR 2652

9-(Glycine)Desmopressin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

G625300 10mg
EUR 132

Deshydroxymethyl Losartan Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D290020 250mg
EUR 98
Description: 1215727-33-5

4-Maleimidobutyric Acid Hydrazide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

M135980 2.5g
EUR 1800
Description: 1239587-68-8

6-Maleimidocaproic Acid Hydrazide, Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

M136800 100mg
EUR 1183
Description: 151038-94-7

D-Gln(7)-Terlipressin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

G410180 100mg
EUR 7550

D-Cys(4)-Terlipressin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

C997840 100mg
EUR 7550

PD-123319 Bis(Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt) Hydrate

P217475 100mg
EUR 201

32a-Gly-calcitonin (Salmon) Trifluoroacetic Acid

G625190 0.25mg
EUR 5603

Cefdinir-15N2,13C Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt Hydrate

C242671 25mg
EUR 7600

(R)-Hydroxymelphalan-d4 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

H939847 25mg
EUR 9200

5-L-Aspartic Acid Desmopressin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A296700 25mg
EUR 170

3-Cysteinylacetaminophen Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

C994750 1mg
EUR 425
Description: 1331891-93-0

(9-D-Leu) Calcitonin (Salmon) Trifluoroacetic Acid

L484550 10mg
EUR 448

rac Kynurenine-d4 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Major)

K661003 10mg
EUR 269

gamma-Glutamylphenylalanine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

G597290 500mg
EUR 230

Endo-Gly9a-Desmopressin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

E555495 10mg
EUR 666

1-Nitrosopiperidin-3-amine Trifluoroacetic Acid

A032999 25mg
EUR 150

Bivalirudin 1-11 Fragment Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

B591640 2.5mg
EUR 1851

Beta-Asp(4) Eptifibatide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A788635 10mg
EUR 299

(6-L-Leucine)-Leuprolide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

L330595 50mg
EUR 164

3-Maleimidopropionic Acid Hydrazonium Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

M140800 10mg
EUR 287
Description: 359436-61-6

N-(2-Aminoethyl)maleimide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A609050 250mg
EUR 238
Description: 146474-00-2

all-trans-Retinal Dimer Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

R100090 10mg
EUR 1800

Enalapril Cyclohexyl Analogue Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

E555265 50mg
EUR 234

MM-419447 (Linaclotide Metabolite) Trifluoroacetic acid

M425460 10mg
EUR 193

N-Ethylpiperazine-d5 Bis(trifluoroacetic Acid) Salt

E925497 100mg
EUR 167
Description: 1246817-22-0

N-(5-Aminopentyl)maleimide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A619900 250mg
EUR 1200
Description: 222159-87-7

N-(3-Aminopropyl)maleimide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A628450 100mg
EUR 173

4-Hydroxy-L-homoserine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

H943030 250mg
EUR 1800
Description: 153530-52-0

3-Iodo-Tyr-Desmopressin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

I819645 100mg
EUR 184

N-Acetyl-Phe-Octreotide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

O239930 10mg
EUR 907

N-Acetyl-Lys-Octreotide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

O239935 10mg
EUR 523

Vancomycin Aglycon Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt Hydrate (>90%)

V096515 50mg
EUR 219

Methotrexate-d3 Hexaglutamate Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

M260747 0.5mg
EUR 1453

Dopamine-3-O-glucuronide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D533793 100mg
EUR 3000

N-[2-Aminoethyl) Lenalidomide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A609325 100mg
EUR 1200

N-[2-Aminoethyl] Pomalidomide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A609515 50mg
EUR 741
Description: 1957235-67-4

Sarcosine-d3 t-Butyl Ester Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

S140517 100mg
EUR 4500
Description: 1953114-50-5

N-[3-Aminopropyl] Lenalidomide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A609330 5mg
EUR 64

N-(3-Aminopropyl) Pomalidomide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A609485 100mg
EUR 1200
Description: 2093388-21-5

Gly-Phe-Beta-naphthylamide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

G755005 25mg
EUR 178
Description: 109057-30-9

L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A790008 100mg
EUR 109

Bis(L-Valine) Ester Ganciclovir Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

B588960 500mg
EUR 184

all-trans-Retinal Dimer-PE Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

R101000 10mg
EUR 3000

(4-Acetyl-L-Serine)Leuprorelin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A187985 25mg
EUR 1547

Bivalirudin 12-20 Fragment Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Impurity)

B591650 100mg
EUR 224

N-Aspartyl-L-glutamic Acid Dimethyl Ester Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A788995 100mg
EUR 1608

3-Cysteinylacetaminophen-D5 (major), Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

C994752 10mg
EUR 219

N-Desmethyl Olopatadine Methyl Ester Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D293060 2.5mg
EUR 1453

N-Desdecanoyl, N-(nonanoyl) Daptomycin Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D230180 25mg
EUR 3000

Dabigatran Acyl-O2-D-Glucuronide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D100095 25mg
EUR 17000

Dabigatran Acyl-O3-D-Glucuronide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D100110 25mg
EUR 17000

Dabigatran Acyl-O4-D-Glucuronide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D100115 25mg
EUR 17000

N-Acetyl-cys(1)-calcitonin Salmon Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

A168465 10mg
EUR 368

(D-Ala2)-Leu-Enkephalin Amide TFA Salt(H-Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-NH2 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt)

D017336 10mg
EUR 1214

(6R,7S,8a-rac)-(4'-Desamino)-glucosepane Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D288463 0.5mg
EUR 1992

(6R,7S,8a-rac)-(5''-Desamino)-glucosepane Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt

D295505 0.5mg
EUR 426

1-Thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one Trifluoroacetic Acid

T343985 2.5g
EUR 1200

Bivalirudin Plus-Gly Fragment Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Impurity)

B591655 50mg
EUR 234

Bivalirudin Des-Gly Fragment Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Impurity)

B591660 50mg
EUR 184

MM-419447-d4 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Linaclotide Metabolite)

M425462 1mg
EUR 397

Bivalirudin b-ASPA 9 Analog Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt (Impurity)

B591665 50mg
EUR 184
This work supplies a novel TA technique with ultrahigh sensitivity, which is able to play an vital function in investigating the provider dynamics of semiconductors within the working situation.

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