The radiation-monitoring programs of miniaturized unmanned aerial autos (UAVs) have wide-ranging functions. Nonetheless, the load capability and flight time of radiation-monitoring programs of UAVs are restricted. Thus, a light-weight and low-power radiation monitoring load is critical to develop. Herein, a light-weight CeBr3 gamma-ray spectrometer primarily based on Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) was developed for small-UAV radiation-monitoring programs.
Experiments had been performed to check the efficiency of the spectrometer. Wonderful linearity and excessive power decision had been achieved. In contrast with the standard CeBr3 scintillator gamma-ray spectrometer, the quantity, mass, and energy consumption of the spectrometer decreased by 73%, 55%, and 38%, respectively. Carrying the spectrometer developed on this paper can enhance the compactness and flight time of small-UAV radiation-monitoring programs.
Extremely environment friendly gentle x-ray spectrometer for transient absorption spectroscopy with broadband table-top excessive harmonic sources
We current a novel gentle x-ray spectrometer for ultrafast absorption spectroscopy using table-top femtosecond high-order harmonic sources. The place most commercially out there spectrometers depend on spherical variable line house gratings with a typical effectivity on the order of three% within the first diffractive order, this spectrometer, primarily based on a Hettrick-Underwood design, features a reflective zone plate as a dispersive ingredient.
An improved effectivity of 12% on the N Okay-edge is achieved, accompanied by a resolving energy of 890. The excessive efficiency of the gentle x-ray spectrometer is additional demonstrated by evaluating nitrogen Okay-edge absorption spectra from calcium nitrate in aqueous resolution obtained with our high-order harmonic supply to earlier measurements carried out on the electron storage ring facility BESSY II.
Commentary of charged droplets from electrospray ionization (ESI) plumes in API mass spectrometers
Electrospray ionization (ESI) generates naked analyte ions from charged droplets, which outcome from spraying a liquid in a robust electrical subject. Experimental observations out there within the literature counsel that no less than a big fraction of the initially generated droplets stay giant, have lengthy lifetimes, and may thus aspirate into the inlet system of an atmospheric strain ionization mass spectrometer (API-MS).
We report on the remark of fragment signatures from charged droplets penetrating deeply the vacuum phases of three industrial mass spectrometer programs with largely totally different ion supply and spray configurations.
Charged droplets can cross by way of the ion supply and strain discount phases and even into the mass analyzer area. Since droplet signatures had been present in all investigated devices, the incorporation of charged droplets is taken into account a normal phenomenon occurring with frequent spray situations in ESI sources.
Electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometer with new tristate ion gating for improved sensitivity for compounds with decrease ion mobility
An electrospray is a dispersed nebula of charged droplets produced beneath the affect of a robust electrical subject. The charged droplets subsequently lead to ions within the gasoline part. Subsequently, electrospray is a generally used technique for transferring liquids to the gasoline part whereas ionizing its constituents on the identical time. On this work, we examine the efficiency of an electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometer by various the electrical subject power within the desolvation area.

Specifically, we examine a brand new tristate ion shutter with elevated sensitivity for ions with increased molecular mass and decrease ion mobility which are often suppressed by classical Bradbury-Nielsen or Tyndall-Powell ion shutters when utilizing quick gating occasions as required for top resolving energy. The electrical subject within the tristate ion shutter impacts the optimum ratio of the electrical subject strengths within the drift and desolvation area.
Moreover, the solvent movement charge must be thought-about when setting the sphere strengths within the desolvation area. Nonetheless, the next electrical subject power within the desolvation area impacts the sphere on the emitter tip.
For that reason, a smaller ratio of the drift subject power and the desolvation subject power is helpful, particularly since increased solvent movement charges require increased fields to provoke an electrospray. On this work, we use tetraoctylammonium bromide as an instrument normal and the fungicide metalaxyl, the herbicide isoproturon and the antibiotic cefuroxime as mannequin compounds.
Growth of a miniature protein mass spectrometer able to analyzing native proteins
Present miniature mass spectrometers had been often designed for the detection of small and medium measurement molecules, together with risky (semi-volatile) compounds, medicine and lipids. On this research, a miniature protein mass spectrometer was developed on this work, which may function a biosensor for the speedy identification of proteins in addition to their conformations.
A linear ion lure with a subject radius of two.5 mm was designed to increase mass vary of the instrument to over 6500 Th. Mass decision and sensitivity of the instrument had been additionally optimized for protein ions by growing the buffer gasoline strain and utilizing a high-gain Faraday detector.
Toluene |
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34136-45 | NACALAI TESQUE | 500ML | EUR 16.45 |
Toluene |
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20-abx186586 | Abbexa |
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Toluene |
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GK6186 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100ml | EUR 32.53 |
Toluene |
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GK6186-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 18.2 |
Toluene |
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GK6186-100 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 | EUR 11.4 |
Toluene |
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GK6186-100ML | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 ml | EUR 44.4 |
Toluene |
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GK6186-1L | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 l | EUR 57.6 |
Toluene |
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GK6186-2500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 | EUR 35.5 |
Toluene |
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GK6186-2500ML | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 ml | EUR 79.2 |
Toluene |
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GK6186-500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 | EUR 14.8 |
Toluene |
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GK6186-500ML | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 ml | EUR 50.4 |
Toluene, GlenUltra™, analytical grade, for GC |
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GS8845 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500ml | EUR 155.04 |
Toluene, GlenUltra™, analytical grade, for GC |
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GS8845-2500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 | EUR 161.7 |
Toluene-d8 for NMR spectroscopy, 99.5 Atom %D |
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85590 | Sisco Laboratories | 10 ml | EUR 93.26 |
Description: Part A |
Toluene - 1ML |
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S-3505 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 51.3 |
Toluene-3,5-d2 |
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T535876 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10mg | EUR 64 |
Description: 16954-38-4 |
Toluene-2-d1 |
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T211411 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10mg | EUR 64 |
Description: 4409-84-1 |
Toluene-3-d1 |
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T211416 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10mg | EUR 64 |
Description: 4409-85-2 |
Toluene-4-d1 |
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T211421 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10mg | EUR 64 |
Description: 4409-83-0 |
Calib Std for Petrochem Pr-Benzene m-Xylene Toluene - 250ML |
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REGASCAL-4-250 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 250ML | EUR 459.73 |
Toluene Diisocyanate |
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B426693 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10g | EUR 144 |
Description: 26471-62-5 |
Toluene pure, 99% |
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47556 | Sisco Laboratories | 500 ml | EUR 1.95 |
Description: Part A |
Toluene-D8 99.6% |
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T14206 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 1G | EUR 191.91 |
Description: CAS N° 2037-26-5 |
Toluene-d8 - 1ML |
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S-3510 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 95.85 |
Toluene 〈H2O<30ppm〉 |
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04109-35 | NACALAI TESQUE | 500ML | EUR 24.85 |
Toluene 〈H2O<30ppm〉 |
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04109-64 | NACALAI TESQUE | 100ML | EUR 13.3 |
2-Ethyl Toluene |
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E926634 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 500mg | EUR 64 |
4-Bromo toluene |
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RM2681-500G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 103.7 |
Description: 4-Bromo toluene |
4-(Ethylthio)toluene |
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20-abx186289 | Abbexa |
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Toluene, anhydrous, 99.9% |
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GK9090 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100ml | EUR 50.14 |
Toluene, anhydrous, 99.9% |
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GK9090-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 54.8 |
Toluene, anhydrous, 99.9% |
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GK9090-100 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 | EUR 30.9 |
Toluene, anhydrous, 99.9% |
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GK9090-100ML | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 ml | EUR 73.2 |
Toluene, anhydrous, 99.9% |
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GK9090-1L | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 l | EUR 102 |
3-(Bromomethyl)toluene |
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B687610 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10g | EUR 230 |
Description: 620-13-3 |
3-(Methylamino) toluene |
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MBS3605664-100mg | MyBiosource | 100mg | EUR 240 |
3-(Methylamino) toluene |
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MBS3605664-200mg | MyBiosource | 200mg | EUR 295 |
3-(Methylamino) toluene |
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MBS3605664-25mg | MyBiosource | 25mg | EUR 200 |
3-(Methylamino) toluene |
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MBS3605664-50mg | MyBiosource | 50mg | EUR 215 |
3-(Methylamino) toluene |
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MBS3605664-5x200mg | MyBiosource | 5x200mg | EUR 985 |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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MBS577633-100mg | MyBiosource | 100mg | EUR 175 |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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MBS577633-200mg | MyBiosource | 200mg | EUR 225 |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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MBS577633-25mg | MyBiosource | 25mg | EUR 145 |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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MBS577633-50mg | MyBiosource | 50mg | EUR 150 |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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MBS577633-5x200mg | MyBiosource | 5x200mg | EUR 865 |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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T0557-10mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 10mg | Ask for price |
Description: 3-(Methylamino)toluene |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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T0557-1g | TargetMol Chemicals | 1g | Ask for price |
Description: 3-(Methylamino)toluene |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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T0557-1mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 1mg | Ask for price |
Description: 3-(Methylamino)toluene |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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T0557-50mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 50mg | Ask for price |
Description: 3-(Methylamino)toluene |
3-(Methylamino)toluene |
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T0557-5mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 5mg | Ask for price |
Description: 3-(Methylamino)toluene |
Toluene GC-HS, 99.9% |
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83662 | Sisco Laboratories | 500 ml | EUR 5.13 |
Description: Part A |
Toluene-24-diisocyanate - 1ML |
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S-3530 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 51.3 |
p-Ethyl toluene 97% |
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E15200 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 5G | EUR 147.85 |
Description: CAS N° 622-96-8 |
TAN Titration Solvent for ASTM D664 in Toluene/IPA/Water - 1L |
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TANSOLVF | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1L | EUR 159.3 |
TAN Titration Solvent for ASTM D664 in Toluene/IPA/Water - 2.5L |
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TANSOLVW | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 2.5L | EUR 170.1 |
4-(Trifluoroacetyl)toluene |
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20-abx183477 | Abbexa |
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VOC Toluene Neat - 10MG |
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REVOC119N | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 10MG | EUR 52.73 |
TAN Titration Solvent for ASTM D664 in Toluene/IPA/Water - 10L |
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TANSOLVF10 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 10L | EUR 604.8 |
Toluene extrapure AR, 99.5% |
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85577 | Sisco Laboratories | 500 ml | EUR 2.39 |
Description: Part A |
4-Methoxy(toluene-d7) |
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P271733 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10mg | EUR 64 |
Description: 1036431-36-3 |
Toluene (reagent grade) 4x4L |
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42070000-1 | Bio-WORLD | 1 L | EUR 66.93 |
Toluene (reagent grade) 4x4L |
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42070000-2 | Bio-WORLD | 4 L | EUR 158.14 |
Toluene (reagent grade) 4x4L |
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42070000-3 | Bio-WORLD | 100 mL | EUR 20.03 |
2,4-Toluene diisocyanate [BSA] |
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DAG-WT1906B | Creative Diagnostics | 1 mg | EUR 450 |
Description: Synthetic |
2,4-Toluene diisocyanate [OVA] |
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DAG-WT1906O | Creative Diagnostics | 1 mg | EUR 1200 |
Description: Synthetic |
Toluene, GlenDry™, anhydrous |
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GS5970 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100ml | EUR 119.29 |
Toluene, GlenDry™, anhydrous |
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GS5970-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 69.7 |
Toluene, GlenDry™, anhydrous |
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GS5970-100 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 | EUR 49 |
Toluene, GlenDry™, anhydrous |
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GS5970-2500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 | EUR 124.3 |
Toluene, GlenDry™, anhydrous |
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GS5970-500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 | EUR 57.2 |
Toluene Dried, 99.5%, 0.005% water |
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17213 | Sisco Laboratories | 500 ml | EUR 2.67 |
Description: Part A |
Toluene-3,4-dithiol, Hi-AR™ |
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RM1871-5G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 558.14 |
Description: Toluene-3,4-dithiol, Hi-AR™ |
PYRIDINIUM P‐TOLUENE SULFONATE |
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916013 | Survival Technologies | each | Ask for price |
4-(1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethoxy)toluene |
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20-abx185792 | Abbexa |
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VOC Std Toluene 2000ug/mL in MeOH - 1ML |
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REVOC119 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 67.27 |
Stannic Chloride 1M in Toluene |
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98017 | Sisco Laboratories | 100 ml | EUR 17.72 |
Description: Part A |
Propargyl bromide 80% in toluene |
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P25580 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 50ML | EUR 221.04 |
Description: CAS N° 106-96-7 |
Toluene (Sulphur free) extrapure, 99.5% |
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39984 | Sisco Laboratories | 500 ml | EUR 2.05 |
Description: Part A |
Diethyl azodiformate 40% in Toluene |
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D21105 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 25G | EUR 414.86 |
Description: CAS N° 1972-28-7 |
Boc-His(Boc)-OH toluene solvate |
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A-4755.0005 | Bachem | 5.0g | EUR 224.4 |
Description: Sum Formula: C16H25N3O6; CAS# [20866-46-0] net |
Boc-His(Boc)-OH toluene solvate |
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A-4755.0025 | Bachem | 25.0g | EUR 792 |
Description: Sum Formula: C16H25N3O6; CAS# [20866-46-0] net |
Boc-His(Boc)-OH toluene solvate |
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4039505.0005 | Bachem | 5 g | EUR 122.43 |
Boc-His(Boc)-OH toluene solvate |
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4039505.0025 | Bachem | 25 g | EUR 487.62 |
Titanium Tetrachloride 1M in Toluene |
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83692 | Sisco Laboratories | 100 ml | EUR 8.1 |
Description: Part B |
Toluene, GlenPure™, analytical grade |
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GS4701 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500ml | EUR 60.17 |
Toluene, GlenPure™, analytical grade |
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GS4701-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 31.8 |
Toluene, GlenPure™, analytical grade |
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GS4701-2500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 | EUR 62.7 |
Toluene, GlenPure™, analytical grade |
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GS4701-500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 | EUR 25.9 |
m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
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MBS5782688-INQUIRE | MyBiosource | INQUIRE | Ask for price |
m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
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T33126-10mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 10mg | Ask for price |
Description: m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
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T33126-1g | TargetMol Chemicals | 1g | Ask for price |
Description: m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
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T33126-1mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 1mg | Ask for price |
Description: m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
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T33126-50mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 50mg | Ask for price |
Description: m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
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T33126-5mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 5mg | Ask for price |
Description: m-((p-Fluorophenyl)sulphonyl)toluene |
Diethyl azodicarboxylate 40% in Toluene |
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D21100 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 25G | EUR 283.48 |
Description: CAS N° 1972-28-7 |
Toluene-d6 2,4-Di-iso-cyanate |
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T536711 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 2.5mg | EUR 69 |
Description: 1398066-04-0 |
Resolution Std Toluene in MeOH - 100ML |
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RSPEC-EPR002 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 304.04 |
Boc-D-His(Boc)-OH toluene solvate |
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A-4670.0001 | Bachem | 1.0g | EUR 211.2 |
Description: Sum Formula: C16H25N3O6; CAS# [75498-93-0] net |
Boc-D-His(Boc)-OH toluene solvate |
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A-4670.0005 | Bachem | 5.0g | EUR 733.2 |
Description: Sum Formula: C16H25N3O6; CAS# [75498-93-0] net |
Dechlorane Plus 50ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPBDE0404 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 638.93 |
Ethyl azidoacetate Solution, 25% in toluene |
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GW2091 | Glentham Life Sciences | 25ml | EUR 207.54 |
Ethyl azidoacetate Solution, 25% in toluene |
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GW2091-25 | Glentham Life Sciences | 25 | EUR 214.1 |
PAH Std Pyrene 2000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH109 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 108.69 |
100 ug/mL Phosmet oxon in Toluene - 1ML |
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S-4182 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 241.65 |
DiagNano™ Oil-soluble Carbon Dots (Toluene), 630 nm |
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DNK-B088 | Creative Diagnostics | 50 mg | EUR 928 |
PAH Std Chrysene 2000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH104 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 65.66 |
PAH Std Fluorene 2000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH106 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 65.66 |
PAH Std Coronene 100ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH3601 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 146.88 |
Toluene-4-Sulfonic Acid Oxetan-3-Yl Ester |
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20-abx185665 | Abbexa |
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PAH 16 Comp Std 1000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH004 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 284.95 |
PAH 16 Comp Std 2000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH006 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 284.95 |
PAH 16 Comp Std 500ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH007 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 348.11 |
PAH 18 Comp Std 1000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH009 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 524.36 |
alpha,alpha,alpha-Tris(hydroxymethyl)toluene |
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MBS6053545-1g | MyBiosource | 1(g | EUR 500 |
alpha,alpha,alpha-Tris(hydroxymethyl)toluene |
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MBS6053545-5x1g | MyBiosource | 5x1g | EUR 2090 |
alpha,alpha,alpha-Tris(hydroxymethyl)toluene |
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T884910 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10g | EUR 152 |
Description: 4704-99-8 |
Glycidyl Oleate-d5 (23 Mug/mL in toluene) |
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KIT8391 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 60x1ml | EUR 770 |
Glycidyl Stearate-D₅ (1.0 mg/mL in Toluene) |
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KIT8406 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 1x1ml | EUR 350 |
Description: 1346598-19-3 |
PAH Std Anthracene 2000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH102 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 124.85 |
Diethylaluminum chloride 25% solution in Toluene |
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D19720 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 100G | EUR 401.76 |
Description: CAS N° 96-10-6 |
PAH Std Naphthalene 2000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH107 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 65.66 |
PAH Std Naphthalene 1000ug/mL in Toluene - 1ML |
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REPAH1204 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 89.6 |
It’s then demonstrated that the mass spectra of native proteins, similar to IgG1, may very well be acquired by coupling the instrument with a gentle electrospray ionization supply. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, outcomes counsel that the present instrument may very well be used to determine goal proteins and probe/distinguish their conformations in options.